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Tidal farm
A tidal farm is a group of multiple tidal stream generators assembled in the same location used for production of electric power,〔(Definition of ''tidal farm'' )〕 similar to the that of a wind farm. The low-voltage powerlines from the individual units are then connected to a substation, where the voltage is stepped up with the use of a transformer for distribution through a high voltage transmission system.
==Technology==
Tidal Farms utilize tidal stream generators that are grouped together to produce electricity. These generators use the moving tides to turn turbines that are very similar the wind turbines used on land. The power of the ocean and the turbines advance technology guarantee a much more predictable energy output then regular wind turbines. The turbines are usually located in areas with high tidal activity in order for the generators to be as efficient as possible. What makes tidal farms unique is that they are set up in groups to allow much more energy production. The generators are connected to substations on shore to transform voltage from high to low, or low to high. These generators can be semi-submersible or fixed into the sea floor, which means they would be out of sight and not an eyesore for the public. The turbines that would be used would be very slow moving due to the density of the water, this is very beneficial to the aquatic life because fish would be able to freely pass through without being in danger of dying. Some turbines can also be used in irrigation canals, rivers, and dam whether the flow of water is fast or slow.〔(Holzman,David C Blue Power: Turning Tides into Electricity (2007) )〕
==Operators==
Scotland is one of the main leaders in the effort to utilize tidal energy as an alternative energy resource. In 2012, Scottish Power installed a 30 ft. turbine off of the Orkney Islands. The currents off of these islands are very fast moving and the tests conducted had shown that the generator produced one megawatt of electricity, enough to power 500 homes. Scotland is also looking to install a more powerful generator off of the Sound of Islay that would be capable of powering in upwards of 5,000 homes once fully operational.〔(Macguire, E. (2012, June 1) Tide turns towards undersea energy )〕 In January 2015, production of a 400-megawatt tidal generator was being constructed in Northern Scotland. This generator would be capable of powering 175,000 homes.〔(Richardson, J. (2015, January 5). 400 MW Scottish Tidal Energy Farm To Begin Construction )〕 Ocean power is a clean and efficiency with an energy source that never turns off. Using Tidal farms is a much cleaner and efficient way to produce electricity. One of the drawbacks to tidal farms is marine life and how it will affect it. They would also need to set the tidal farms deep in the ocean where it wont affect fishing boats or large ship passing by. The United States of America has nearly 12,380 miles of coastline, and is undergoing a 18-month study to see how well the tidal farms work ''source''. The project could cost up to $10 million, including $2 million on fish monitoring equipment and if everything goes to plan the U.S. could be seeing tidal farms along the US coast. The zero-emission tidal farms could be the way to a cleaner planet, a better future and maybe reducing the cost of electricity in the long run.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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